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The Palintest Tubetests range covers all the main parameters needed for water and effluent monitoring, including COD, Ammonia, Nitrate, Total Nitrogen, Phosphate, Total Phosphorous, Nickel, Chromium, Iron, Zinc and Copper.

• AmmoniaAmmonia
  Ammonia (NH₃) occurs as a breakdown product of nitrogenous material in natural waters. It is also found in domestic effluents and certain industrial waste waters. Ammonia is harmful to fish and other forms of aquatic life.
• NitrateNitrate
  Nitrates (NO₃) are normally present in natural, drinking and waste waters. Nitrates enter water supplies from the breakdown of natural vegetation, the use of chemical fertilisers in modern agriculture and from the oxidation of nitrogen compounds in sewage effluents and industrial wastes.
• PhosphatePhosphate
  Phosphates (PO₄) are extensively used in detergent formulations, in food processing and in industrial water treatment processes. Phosphate is an important control test for natural and drinking waters.
• PhosphorusPhosphorus
  Total Phosphorus is composed of orthophosphates, polyphosphates and organic phosphorus compounds. Ortho and polyphosphates are extensively used in detergent formulations and washing powders. Phosphates also find widespread application in the food processing industry and in industrial water treatment processes. The Total Phosphorus test is a vital test for assessing the quality of effluents and waste water prior to discharge.
• NitrogenNitrogen
  Total nitrogen is composed of nitrate, nitrite, ammonium and organic nitrogen compounds. Total nitrogen is a vital test for assessing the quality of effluents and waste water prior to discharge.
• MetalsMetals
  Due to increasing pressure from European legislation there is a growing requirement to carry out routine analysis on waste waters prior to discharge. Tests include copper, nickel, iron, zinc, total chromium and chromium (VI).
• CODCOD
  Chemical oxygen demand (COD) is a vital test for assessing the quality of effluents and waste waters prior to discharge. Available in different types and ranges.